Series and Parallel Connections

Connecting Batteries in Series or Parallel. Changing their overall voltage or capacity
Connecting batteries in series or parallel changes their overall voltage and capacity, respectively. Here's how to connect batteries in series and parallel:

Series Connection:
When you connect batteries in series, you stack them end-to-end, such that the positive terminal of one battery is connected to the negative terminal of the next battery. The total voltage of the series connection is the sum of the individual battery voltages.
For example, if you connect two 12-volt batteries in series, the total voltage would be 12V + 12V = 24V.

To connect batteries in series:
Connect the positive terminal of one battery to the negative terminal of the next battery.
Keep the positive terminal of the first battery and the negative terminal of the last battery open for external connections.
Series connection is often used in applications where higher voltage is required, such as in off-grid system, RV / Marine applications,  electric vehicles or power tools.

Series connection to increase battery voltage

The wiring shown in this image increases the voltage from a single 12 volt battery to 24 volts using two of the same batteries.  The voltage increases to 24V however the capacity remains at 100Ah.

 

Parallel Connection:
When you connect batteries in parallel, you connect all the positive terminals together and all the negative terminals together. The total capacity (ampere-hours) of the parallel connection is the sum of the individual battery capacities.
For example, if you connect two 100Ah batteries in parallel, the total capacity would be 100Ah + 100Ah = 200Ah.

To connect batteries in parallel:
Connect all the positive terminals of the batteries together.
Connect all the negative terminals of the batteries together.
Parallel connection is useful when you need to increase the capacity and current output of the batteries, such as in renewable energy storage systems or in large backup power setups.

Parallel connection to increase battery capacity

The wiring shown in this image increases the capacity from a single 100Ah battery to 200Ah using two of the same batteries.  The capacity increases to 200Ah however the voltage remains at 12 volt.

Important considerations:

When connecting batteries in series or parallel, it's crucial to use batteries of the same voltage and capacity to avoid imbalances and potential damage.
Always observe proper polarity: connect positive terminals to positive terminals and negative terminals to negative terminals.
If you're unsure about the connections or dealing with large battery banks, it's a good idea to consult a professional or someone experienced in electrical systems to ensure safety and optimal performance.

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